撒哈拉沙漠蔓延区生态恢复先锋树种选择试验

Selection of Pioneer Species for the Restoration of Ecosystem In Sahara Desertification Spreading Areas

先锋树种选择是沙漠化地区生态恢复工作的关键技术之一.根据试验地区的具体条件,选择5种抗旱树种作为先锋树种,通过对其种苗、造林技术、森林培育措施等环节的试验,对其树高、胸径、冠幅和存活率连续4年监测数据进行了统计分析.对先锋树种林分对林地环境因子的影响进行了试验研究.结果表明:刺伞相思、巨大戟、赤桉、东非车桑子4个试验树种可以作为该地区的先锋树种;在旱季先锋树种林分对林地土壤温度和林地土壤湿度两方面能起到良性作用,能为后续树种创造较优越的生长环境条件.

Selection of pioneer species is one of the key factors for the restoration of ecosystem in desertification areas. According to the site conditions of the test area, 5 drought-resisting tree species were selected for the experimental research as pioneer species. And through the programs such as seedling-raising, planting and forest management, the data form 5 years＇ continuous surveying on the tree height, chest-diameter, crown and survival percentage of the 5 species were collected and analyzed. Their influence on the environmental factors was also tested. All the results show that 4 out of the 5 such as Acacia senegal, Euphorbia abysinica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Dodonaea angustifolia can be used as pioneer species in this area and their forestry can benefit both the soil temperature and moisture during dry seasons, thus providing some suitable environmental conditions for the planting and growing of other tree species.