小儿静脉滴注阿奇霉素时胃肠道副反应的防治

Prevention on side effects of azithromycin for the gastrointestinal tract in children

目的比较磷酸铝凝胶(aluminum phosphate)和蒙脱石散剂(dioctahedral smectite)对小儿阿奇霉素静滴时胃肠道副反应的防治效果。方法315例支原体肺炎患儿,随机分为硫酸铝凝胶组、蒙脱石散剂组和对照组,各105例。观察三组在阿奇霉素静滴时胃肠道副反应(包括腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐)的发生情况。结果硫酸铝凝胶组和蒙脱石散剂组阿奇霉素静滴后胃肠道副反应发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.01),硫酸铝凝胶组的发生率较蒙脱石散剂组更低(P<0.05)。三组的治疗效果无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论硫酸铝凝胶、蒙脱石散剂可明显减少阿奇霉素的胃肠道副反应,尤以硫酸铝凝胶的效果显著。

Objective To compare the preventive effects of aluminum phosphate and dioctahedral smectite on side effects of azithromytin for the gastrointestinal tract in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Methods A total of 315 children with Myeoplasma pneumoniae were randomized into three groups ： aluminum phosphate group, dioctahedral smectite group and control group. Side effects of azithromycin for the gastrointestinal tract among three groups were compared. Results The incidence rate of side effects was significantly lower in aluminum phosphate group and dioetahedral smectite group than in control group（ P 〈 0.01 ）, and lower in aluminum phosphate group than in dioctahedral smectite group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The curative effect showed no significant difference among three groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Aluminum phosphate and dioctahedral smeetite, especially the former, can decrease side effects of azithromyein for the gastrointestinal tract in children.