宁夏沙鼠疫源地鼠疫流行特征探讨及防治对策

Approach to Epidemic Characteristic and Control Countermeasure of Plague in Meriones unguiculatus Natural Foci, Ningxia

目的分析1969～2006年宁夏长爪沙土鼠疫源地鼠疫流行特征,探讨防治对策,为鼠疫防治提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学。结果发现染疫啮齿动物6种、媒介蚤3种、螨1种、猛禽1种,共分离出鼠疫菌321株。在4个监测县(市)发现鼠疫流行17年次,盐池县11年次、平罗县(原陶乐县)、银川市和灵武市各2年次;盐池县阳性年率30.56%(χ2=14.61,P<0.01)。结论1987～2006年鼠间鼠疫流行呈上升趋势,盐池县监测点为高发流行区。

Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of Meriones unguiculatus plague foci during 1969 to 2006, to provide scientific basis for plague control and prevention. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was carried out. Results There were infected rodents of 6 species, vector fleas of 3 species, mite of 1 kind, raptor of I kind and isolated Yersinia pestis of 321 strains. During 1969 to 2006, there were 17 year - time of plague prevalence in 4 surveillance counties, that is, 11 year - time in Yanchi county, 2 year - time in Pingluo（ originally Taole County）, Yinchuan and Lingwu City, respectively with the yearly positive rate of 30.56% （ Х^2 = 14.61, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions During 1987 to 2006, plague prevalence in rodents tended to increase with the highly prevalent area in Yanchi Country.