小猪腹腔内出血模型及电阻抗成像监护的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of Piglet Intraperitoneal Bleeding Model and Electrical Impedance Tomography Monitoring

采用体质量在20～30 kg,腹围与人近似的小猪为实验动物,通过B超定位经腹腔穿刺置套管于小猪肝脏的下缘,用电子输液泵分别按恒定的速度注入同种异体血,以模拟肝脏区域出血,使用电阻抗成像技术进行监护,观察成像结果。注血结束后行B超和CT检查,并剖腹探查注血情况。结果显示:(1)B超、CT检查及剖腹探查均发现腹腔内存在大量血液;(2)随着血液的注入,电阻抗成像的目标区域象素值随之变化,成像结果明显。因此该动物模型能够很好的模拟腹腔内活动性出血,并能够控制出血速度,使用电阻抗成像技术监护该模型能够获得清晰的成像结果。

Piglets having each a body weight of 20-30 kg and an abdominal perimeter like human＇s were used in the experiment. Being guided by ultrasound, we stabbed the piglet＇s abdomen, placed a catheter on the liver＇s lower margin,then injected the anticoagulated blood through the catheter by electrical infusion pump with constant speed respectively, and monitored the whole process by EIT. We observed the image change, using Ultrasound and CT to examine the area of blood injection after the end of monitoring,and we dissected to check the result of observations. The results reveal= （1）Ultrasound, CT and dissection are all able to find out a large amount of blood in piglet＇s abdominal cavity; （2） The pixel value of EIT target area decreases with the increase of blood, and the change in imped- ance image can be obviously observed. Therefore, this animal model is suitable for simulating intraperitoneal bleed- ing, and the speed of bleeding therein can be controlled. We can get a limpid image when EIT is used for monitoring the intraperitoneal bleeding simulated by this animal model.