山东省玉米越冬害虫种类及亚洲玉米螟越冬幼虫寄生性天敌调查

Investigation on Species of Overwintering Maize Pests and Parasitoids of Over wintering Asian Corn Borer Larvae in Shandong Province

对山东省10多个玉米主产区的玉米越冬害虫种类和亚洲玉米螟越冬幼虫天敌寄生情况进行了调查。查明了玉米越冬害虫有亚洲玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis)、桃蛀螟(Dichocrocis punctiferalis)、高粱条螟(Chilo sacchariphagus)。大部分地区越冬害虫以亚洲玉米螟为主,但也有个别地区个别年份例外。同时显示亚洲玉米螟的主要寄生性天敌有白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)、苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)、腰带长体茧蜂(Macrocentrus cingulum)、玉米螟厉寄蝇(Lydella grisescens)等。白僵菌在各地均有发生,以费县为最高,寄生率在60%以上。苏云金杆菌在各地的发生率相对较低。腰带长体茧蜂在滨州、商河的发生率相对较高。在白僵菌感染率相对较低的栖霞、即墨两地,厉寄蝇的寄生率则相对较高,分别为32.58%、17.89%,而在济宁、商河则未发现。

The species of overwintering pest and the parasitoids of the overwintering Asian corn borer （Ostriniafurnacalis） larvae were investigated in 10 main corn production areas of Shandong Province. It was found that the major overwintering pests were Asian corn borer Ostrinia funacalis, Peach pyralid （D/chocroc/s punctiferalis） and Striped sorghum borer （Chilo sacchariphagus）. The Asian corn borer was the major over- wintering pest in most areas, but there were also exceptions in individual districts or years. The main parasit- oids of Asian corn borer were white muscardine fungi （ Beauvaria bassiana）, Bacillus thuringiensis, braconid wasp （Macrocentrus cingulum） and tachinid fly （Lydella grisescens）. White muscardine fungi was the most prevalent parasito in most areas, especially in Feixian in which the parasitic rate was over 60%. The occurrence of Bacillus thuringiensis was relatively light in Shandong. The braconid wasp was more prevalent in Binzhou and Shanghe. The tachinid fly was more prevalent in Qixia and Jimo with the parasitic ratios of 32. 58% and 17.89%, while the white museardine fungi occurred relatively lightly in the two districts. But the tachinid fly was not found in Jining and Shanghe.