湖北丹江口方言的情态标记“得[te]”

Modal Marker "得[te]" in Danjiangkou Dialect

丹江口方言中的"得",作为表"应该"的情态标记,与"了"同现,使句子成为一种表时间的句式,其中依"得"语法位置的不同,形成V得O>VO得>得VO的语气强度等级序列,既是义务情态>知识情态>将来时的情态标记发展过程序列在共时平面上的反映,也是语用语法化在语法位置上的表现;作为表"可能"的情态标记,与否定词"不"同现,经常可以加上"肯定"之类的副词使同义形式复现进行强调。

In Danjiangkou dialect, as a modal marker indicating the meaning of ＂ should＂, [ te] often appears with ＂le＂ and constructs a sentence pattern representing ＂time＂, in which according to the different syntactic position of [ te] forms a hierarchy sequence of tone strength ＂between VO 〉 after VO 〉 before VO＂, reflecting diachronic development of modal marker in the synchronic plane and pragmatic grammaticalization, which is ＂ compulsory modality 〉 knowledge modality 〉 future tense. ＂ ; As a modal marker indicating the meaning of ＂probability＂, [ te] appears with ＂bu＂ and can be added adverbial words such as ＂affirmation＂ to repetition and emphasize synonymous forms.