摘要
目的了解上海地区1~6岁儿童血铅水平现状及其影响因素。方法采用严格质量控制的流行病学研究方法,于1997年8~9月对上海地区1967例3个月~6岁儿童进行血铅水平测定,并对其个人情况及家庭生活环境等相关因素进行问卷调查。结果儿童血铅水平均数为96μg/L(1μg/L=0.00483μmol/L),其中高于目前国际公认的儿童铅中毒诊断标准100μg/L的比例是37.8%。儿童血铅水平存在显著的地域差异,工厂密集的杨浦区最高,地处海岛、以农业为主的崇明县最低,两地区均数分别为112μg/L和84μg/L;儿童每日在马路上时间长、家庭社会经济状况(SES)差、父亲吸烟数量多、儿童饮用罐头饮料的频度高等是儿童血铅水平升高的主要危险因素。结论目前上海地区儿童血铅水平及儿童铅中毒的流行率已经较高,应该引起高度关注。
Objective To estimate blood lead level of randomly sampled 1 967 children aged 1 — 6 years in Shanghai, and to identify high risk factors for lead poisoning of children. Methods The authors investigated the blood lead levels and 58 potentially related factors of all involved children in Shanghai, using an epidemiological protocol with sophisticated quality control. Results The mean blood lead level was 96 μg/L, and 743 children (37.8%) were found with a blood lead level ≥100 μg/L (the diagnostic criterion of lead poisoning of children). Blood lead level varied with geographic locations. The highest mean blood lead level (112 μg/L) was found in children from Yangpu district, an industrial area, and the lowest (84 μg/L) in children from Chongming county, an island in the Yangtze River. Blood lead levels of children also varied in relation to the time spent on traffic ways, socio economic status, exposure to tobacco smoke and the frequency of drinking canned beverage. Conclusion Blood lead levels of children in Shanghai and the prevalence of lead poisoning were both relatively high, to which enough attention should be paid.
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期142-145,共4页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
基金
国家"九五攻关"项目
上海市卫生局科研基金