黄土旱作区长武字号小麦的品种性状和品质特性演变规律

Study on Evolution of Species Traits and Quality Characters of Changwu Brand in Dryland of the Loess Plateau

为研究黄土旱作区主栽小麦品种长武字号的演变特性,以长武字号小麦为材料,对其农艺性状、产量性状和品质特性进行研究。结果表明,长武字号小麦产量呈波动的上升趋势,长旱58产量最高达4 375.92kg/hm2。用stepwise进行回归分析,表明产量与成穗数呈负相关,与倒二节、穗粒数、单穗质量和生物质量呈负相关。用Logistic方程拟合灌浆曲线,决定系数均大于0.99,拟合效果良好。长武字号小麦的平均灌浆速率和最终籽粒质量都呈逐渐上升趋势。长武字号小麦的蛋白质含量呈逐渐增加趋势,长旱58最高达14.92%。黄土旱作区小麦生产还应把高产作为主要目标,要兼顾农艺性状的改善,适当缩短穗下节、倒三节的长度,增加倒二节的长度,同时还要研究配套的高产栽培措施。在提高产量的同时,努力改善小麦品质,培育强筋优质小麦品种,或者发展专用小麦。

In order to study on the evolution characters of changwu brand in dryland of the loess Plateau, based on Changwu brand wheat for materials, study on the agronomic traits and quality characteristics. In order to explore the next phase of a Changwu brand wheat breeding lgoals, Provides the basis for finding the best wheat variety of drought region. The results showed that Changwu brand wheat fluctuations in wheat production was rising, Changhan58 is largest reaches 4375. 92kg/hm^2. Use the method of Stepwise can be drawn on the production of multi-equation. Use Logistic equation to simulate filling curve, r〉0.99, the results of simulation is good. , the average filling rate and endgrain weight of Changwu brand wheat have shown gradually rising trend. The protein content of Changwu brand wheat shows an increasing trend, Changhan58 is largest reaches 14.92%. the highyield should be a major goal of Chang＇wu brand wheat ,improve agronomic traits, shorting the length of the head node ,increasing the the length of the second node and the third node above. Research for the high-yield cultivation measures, improving wheat quality with increasing the yield, cultivate high- quality wheat varieties, or develop the dedicated wheat.