新疆天山北麓蝗虫群落结构特征

The Characteristics of the Grasshopper Community Structure in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain of Xinjiang

2007年6-9月,在新疆天山北麓的石河子南部低山草地、中部农耕地、中部草甸及北部沙漠边缘荒漠4类生境中共采集到蝗虫4科14属18种,共317头。对蝗虫群落结构分析表明:在4类生境中,平均密度由高至低依次为低山草地、农耕地、草甸及荒漠。沙漠边缘荒漠环境的蝗虫群落多样性指数最高(1.7479),其次为中部草甸(1.5068)和南部低山草地(1.2461)。中部农耕地由于人为干扰大,植被组成结构较为单一,蝗虫种类最少,多样性指数最低(0.4445)。采用聚类分析法将石河子蝗虫群落划分为2种类型:草甸-荒漠-农耕蝗虫群落和草地蝗虫群落。

In the northern slope of Tianshan mountain of Xinjiang, grasshopper community diversity were studied from June to September in 2007 in southern low hill grassplot,middle farm terra,middle meadow and northern hungrines;s of desert edge in Shihezi area in Xingjiang. The results showed that there are 18 species of grasshopper which are belonged to 4 families 14 genera. Among the four conditions,the sequence of average density from big to small are grassplot, farm terra,meadow and hungriness in turns. The diversity index of the area of desert edge is 1. 7479 which is the highest among the four conditions. The diversity index of the middle meadow and southern low hill grassplot are separately 1. 5068 and 1. 2461. The diversity index of middle farm terra is 0. 4445 which is the lowest because of simple vegetation and human disturbance. According to the cluster analysis result,the grasshopper community structure of Shihezi region can be divided into following types.the community of meadow-hungriness-farm terra grasshopper community and the grassplot community.