不同保水剂对宁南山区马铃薯生长发育和产量的影响

Effect of Different Aquasorbent on Growth and Yield of Potato in Ningnan Mountain

为促进宁南半干旱山区产业支柱作物马铃薯的生产,解决马铃薯生产、特别是苗期的干旱缺水问题,采用田间试验方法,进行PAM保水剂、多功能保水剂与一定配方尿素＋过磷酸钙的施用对马铃薯生长发育、产量及效益的试验。结果表明,两种保水剂均能促进马铃薯生长发育,增加干物质积累,但是在不同生育时期促进作物生长的效果有所不同。1%PAM保水剂浸种2-3 min处理在前期效果显著,多功能保水剂在后期效果突出。马铃薯以施用多功能保水剂30 kg/hm^2效果最好,其产量和商品薯分别比对照高出52.33%、138.29%,增收5 356.8元/hm^2。研究表明,施用30 kg/hm^2多功能保水剂比用1%PAM保水剂浸种2-3min更适宜宁南半干旱区及其同类地区旱地种植马铃薯。

In order to enhance production of potato in semi-arid area of Ningnan mountain, and find new way to solve problems of drought and water shortage, especially at seedling stage of potato （Solanum tuberosum L. ） growth process, the study used field plot experi-ments to select the optimal application way in PAM aquasorben, multi-function aquasorbent and N＋P in semi-arid area of Ningnan mountain, and to analyze the effect of aquasorbent on yields and benefit of potato. The result showed the two aquasorbens can improve growth of potatoes, increase leaf area and dry biomass. But the effects of different treatments were not same in different stages. 1% PAM aquasorben bad evident effects on seedling stage and multi-function aquasorbent had effect tuber growing stage markedly. And the method 30 kg/hm^2 amount of multi-function aquasorbent at seeding stage of potato, yields and commercial potato were promoted by 52.33 %and 138.29% respectively, net income was increased by 5 356.8 yuan RMB. Therefore, it showed that the method which ues 30 kg/hm^2 multi-function aquasorbent at seeding is more suitable than use 1 %PAM aquasorben to dip the seeds for planting the potato in the Ningnan mountainous area and other congener areas.