橡胶职业暴露与食管癌关系的病例—队列研究

Case cohort study of the occupational exposure to rubber associated with esophageal cancer

本文对上海某橡胶厂轮胎和胶鞋制造工人进行了２３年（１９７３～１９９５）的随访调查，应用标化死亡率和病例－队列方法，旨在研究橡胶职业暴露与食管癌之间的关系。研究发现，某些工种如成型、机修、胶鞋及炼胶等的食管癌相对危险度升高，并独立于与食管癌可能的非职业危险因素。进一步研究认为，橡胶化合物中的溶剂、滑石和碳黑等的暴露可能与食管癌有关。虽然研究的病例数较少，未有统计学显著性，但所提示的两者间关系值得进一步研究。

A cohort of 1598 employees(934 men,664 women)in a rubber factory in Shanghai have been followed up from 1973 to 1995 and their 23 years mortality experience was presented Elevated RR was found for the four working groups of rubber building,footwear,maintenance and milling under controlling nonoccupational factors These data suggested that the occupational exposures to solvent,talc and carbon blacks were the likely causal agent of the esophageal cancer excess observed among workers in the rubber factory under study