临床思维过程中的三个“统一”

Three Unities" of Clinical Thinking Process

临床思维是临床医生透过疾病现象揭示疾病本质的理性认识过程，掌握科学的临床思维方法是医生提高专业技术水平的必要条件。通过对临床思维过程中坚持经验思维和理论思维的统一、逻辑思维与形象思维的统一、分科思维与整体思维的统一的关系进行阐述，指导临床医生用理论正确地解释疾病现象之间的联系，探索疾病过程规律，勇于实践，加强学习。在疾病的诊治过程中利用逻辑思维与形象思维的有机结合对所掌握的临床资料进行分析、综合、归纳、比较和推理，同时避免一叶障目，从生命的整体认识局部出现的病理变化。任何单一的思维模式都有其自身的局限性，在医疗实践中都会不同程度地导致误诊误治。

Clinical thinking is a process of rational cognitions by which physicians bring to light the nature of disease through the appearance of it. It is essential for physi-cians to master the scientific clinical thinking method so as to improve their academic skills. On clinical thinking, we should hold to the following unity relations: unity of experience thinking and thinking in theory, unity of logical thinking and thinking in images, unity of specialty thinking and thinking of the whole. Physicians are directed in such mode of thinking to correcty explain the relations between phenomina of disease with theory, to explore the laws of disease development. When making diagnosis in clinical practice, one should integrate and rationally utilize logical thinking and thinking in images to analyze, to synthesize and to sum up the available clinical data,making comparision and inference. Physicians should also not have their views of the important overshadowed by the trivial, but recognize the pathological changes of the partial in viewing the live as a whole. Any single mode of thinking has its own limitations and it would result in misdiagnosis and mistreatment in mdical practice to varying degrees to only relay on it.