金文套辞“严在上,翼在下”浅析

An analysis on polite formula on inscriptions of 严在上,翼在下

西周晚期铜器铭文祝嘏辞中常出现"严在上,翼在下"等套语。根据对晋侯稣编钟和四十三年逨鼎等新出铜器铭文的研究,可以推断"严在上,翼翼在下"是此类套语的最完整表达,同时可省略为"严在上,翼在下",进一步省略为"严在上",或表达为"严在帝所","严"和"翼"均当训为"敬"。《诗经·六月》中与之对应的"有严有翼"也当释为"敬"。

The polite formula of 严在上,翼在下 was often used on inscriptions during the late Western Zhou history. According to the recent discoveries, this article indicates that the polite formula 严在上,翼翼在下 was the complete expression, and sometimes it may be shortened as 严在上,翼在下. The expressions of 严在上 or 严在帝所 was briefer. Based on the context, the words of 严 and 翼 mean respect. Therefore, the verse 有严有翼 should be interpreted as full of respect, which is one of The June in the Classic of Poems.