精神科病人噎食窒息的相关因素分析

ANALYSIS OF CHOKE-RELATED SUFFOCATION IN PSYCHOTICS

目的研究精神科病人噎食窒息的危险因素及急救措施。方法对2001年4月～2006年4月我院精神科病房发生噎食窒息病人的临床资料进行分析。结果发生噎食窒息病人11例12例次中,死亡5例,抢救成功6例。11例病人均存在进食过急、过快情况;其中,除2例年老体弱病人及3例新入院、首次应用抗精神病药物的病人非大剂量用药外,余6例均为应用大剂量、高效价抗精神病药物或多种药物联合应用者;9例病人均存在不同程度的锥体外系副反应。11病人中,6例7例次采用HEMLICH法抢救,除1例因抢救过迟死亡外,余5例6例次均抢救成功。结论精神科病人噎食窒息与进食过急、速度过快,年老体弱,抗精神病药物所致锥体外系副反应等有关。HEMLICH法是抢救噎食窒息的一种有效措施。

Objective To study the risk factors for choke-related suffocation in psychotics and first-aid measures. Methods The clinical data of choke-related suffocation occurred in psychiatric patients during April 2001-April 2006 were analyzed. Results Suffocation happened in 11 patients （12 person-times）, five died, and six were successfully rescued. Eating either too hasty or too fast was attributed to this event. Among the 11 choked, six were given high-dose and high-potency antipsychotic or multiple combinations, apart from two aged and three newcomers. Nine patients had EPS of different level. Six patients （seven person/times） were rescued with Hemlich method, of which, one died of delay, the rest survived. Conclusion Suffocation caused by choking in patients with mental disease is related to eating too hasty or too fast, old and feeble, and EPS caused by antipsychotic. Hemlich Method is an effective first-aid for this incident.