戏剧称呼语翻译比较——以《李尔王》为例

戏剧中的称呼语不仅反映人物之间的关系,揭示人物的社会地位、教育状况与价值观念,也可以推动剧情发展,帮助刻划人物,描写人物心理的变化。而如何翻译这些称呼语取决于译者对称呼语的功能的理解,以及译者的审美价值观念与文化意识。本文重点对莎士比亚名剧《李尔王》的三个中文译本(朱生豪、梁实秋、方平)加以比较,分析其译文中的称呼语是否实现了上述功能,并做出综合评价。

Address terms not only reflect the relationship between the addresser and the addressee, but also indicate their social status, education background and values. In the theatre, address terms also play a significant role： they contribute greatly to the development of the plot, characterization, and depiction of the characters＇ state of mind. The way these terms are rendered in translation is closely related to the translator＇s understanding of the functions of these terms, his aesthetic values, as much as his cultural conceptions. This paper focuses on three Chinese versions of Shakespeare＇s King Lear, by Zhu Shenghao, Liang Shiqiu and Fang Ping respectively. Through an analysis of their translations of address terms in this play, the paper evaluates the three translations and calls attention to the factors of address term translation.