黄河上中游沉积物理化特征及磷赋存形态研究

Physical-Chemical Characteristics and Phosphorus Speciation of the Sediments in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yellow River

对黄河上中游10个沉积物样品进行了理化性质及磷赋存形态分析,在此基础上探讨了沉积物各理化性质与磷赋存形态间的相关关系.结果表明,黄河上中游表层沉积物的总磷含量为97.86～129.33 mg.kg-1,有机质总量为0.11%～1.96%,沉积物中活性态Fe和Al的含量分别为2.02～7.40 mg.g-1和0.29～0.90 mg.g-1;颗粒组成以粉砂级为主,主要矿物组成为石英和长石,粘土矿物以伊利石/蒙混层矿物为主,其次是伊利石、绿泥石和高岭石;磷的形态以无机磷为主,钙结合态P的含量为37.61～64.04 mg.kg-1,是沉积物中的主要赋存形态.沉积物理化性质中阳离子交换量与沉积物中粘粒和粉砂粒总量表现正相关（R2=0.76）;沉积物的有机质总量与沉积物中的无机磷存在一定的线性关系（R2=0.66）;氧化还原敏感态P和金属（水合）氧化物结合态P含量的总和与活性态Fe和Al的（水合）氧化物的含量总和之间有显著的线性关系（R2=0.80）.

The physical and chemical characteristics, various phosphorus forms from 10 sites in Yellow River＇s sediments were analyzed, and their relations were discussed. The results showed that, the values of total phosphorus, organic matter and active Fe, Al are 97.86-129.33 mg·kg- 1 , 0.11%- 1.96 %, 2.02-7.40 mg·kg- 1 , O. 29-0.90 mg·kg- 1 , respectively. The main mineral compositions of the sediments are quartz and albite; the main clay minerals are montmorillonate, illite, chlorite and kaolinite. Inorganic-P is the main form of phosphorus speciation. Ca-P is 37.61-64.04 mg·kg- 1 and is the main form of IP. The cation exchange capacity was linearly correlated with the sum of clay and silt （R2 = 0.76）. Also, the organic matter was linearly correlated with inorganic sedimentary phosphorus （R2 = 0.66）. Moreover, the linear relationship between the sum of NaOH-P and BD-P and the sum of active Fe and active Al content was observed within the ten sediments investigated （ R2 = 0.80）.