好氧锥形流化床生物膜反应器启动与生物膜形成特征研究

Start-up and Biofilm Formation in an Aerobic Conical Fluidized-bed Biofilm Reactor

对好氧锥形流化床膜生物反应器（A-TFBBR）的启动特征、生物膜行为、特征和结构进行了详细的探讨,并与相近启动条件下的传统柱状流化床生物膜反应器（A-CFBBR）的启动行为进行比较.结果表明,自然培养生物种源的方法与传统的以活性污泥做种源的方法相比节省了生物驯化和淘汰的时间,在短时间内就完成了生物反应器的启动（柱状床11 d,锥形床16 d）,而一般以活性污泥为种源则大都需要100～300 d的启动时间.另外,采用这种方法在A-TFBBR反应器和A-CFBBR反应器中获得的生物膜厚度分别仅为（32±1）μm和（24±2）μm,低于大部分报道的生物膜厚度.2个生物反应器都表现出理想的COD去除能力,其中A-TFBBR反应器对COD的去除率高达95%以上,比A-CFBBR对COD的去除率平均高出15%.

Both aerobic tapered （A-TFBBR） and cylindrical fluidized-bed biofilm reactors （A-CFBBR） were set up. The start-up characteristics, performance, characteristics and microstrueture of the biofilm were also investigated in both reactors with similar condition of start-up. Compared with the traditional method that using activated sludge as bacteria source （mostly 100-300 d for start-up）, cultivating bacteria naturally could save the acclimation time. It took much shorter time （11 d for the cylindrical bed, while 16d for the tapered bed） to start up the reactors. Further more, the hiofilm thickness in A-TFBBR and A-CFBBR was only （32 ±1）μm and （24±2）μm, respectively. The biofilm was thinner than most of reported bifilm obtained by other researchers. Both A-TFBBR and A-CFBBR showed high COD removal capacity, and COD removal rate of A-TFBBR was more than 95%, 15% higher than that of A-CFBBR.