桃遗传图谱的构建及两个花性状的分子标记

Genetic Linkage Maps Constructing and Markers Linked with Pistil Development and Double Petal Gene in Peach

以桃‘红垂枝’与其近缘种山桃‘白花山碧桃’杂交的52株F1群体为试材,采用SSR、AFLP和SRAP分子标记进行遗传分析。筛选扩增稳定且多态性丰富的38对SSR引物、61对AFLP引物和38对SRAP引物进行群体分离分析,获得符合1:1分离的标记441个,亲本为双杂合位点的标记52个。应用Mapmaker分析软件将符合1:1分离的标记和雌蕊发育性状一起构建了包含11个连锁群的遗传图谱,该图谱共206个标记(18个SSR,126个AFLP、61个SRAP和1个形态学标记),全长1193.2cM。每个连锁群的平均长度为108.5cM,标记间平均图距为5.8cM。根据18个SSR标记与T×E参考图谱比对,本试验中的11个连锁群对应于参考图谱的G1至G8,标记的线性符合度较好。雌蕊发育性状标记定位在第1连锁群,对应于1号染色体。应用Mapmaker分析软件将亲本为双杂合位点标记和花单瓣/重瓣性状一起分析,获得1个新单瓣/重瓣基因的两个AFLP标记。

A linkage map of peach was constructed with SSR, AFLP and SRAP markers in 52 F1 population derived from the cross of Prunus persica （ L. ） Batsch. ＇ Hongchuizhi ＇ and P. davidiana （ Carr. ） Franch. ＇ Baihuashan Bitao＇. The selected primers including 38 SSR, 61 AFLP and 38 SRAP with rich polymorphism and steady bands were tested in progeny. Four hundred and forty-one markers in 1：1 ratio by X^2 test and 52 markers for double heterozygous loci were scored. Mapmaker software were used to assigned the markers in 1：1 ratio and pistil abortion trait to 11 linkage groups, the map was composed of 206 loci （18 SSRs, 126 AFLPs, 61 SRAPs, and one morphological trait） distributed in 11 linkage groups, the map covers 1 193.2 cM of the peach genome. The average length of 11 groups is 108.5 cM, the average distance between adjacent loci is 5.8 cM. Eighteen SSR loci in common with a saturated reference linkage map （T × E） of Prunus allowed a comparative analysis to be made between the two maps, homologies were found among the respective linkage groups, the map in this study showed better identity with peach reference map. Pistil development trait, were placed on the group 1 （chromosome 1 ）. Two AFLPs linked to a new double petal gene were obtained through analysis of the markers for double heterozygous loci.