山东省肺螨病病原及流行状况调查

Pathogeny and epidemic status of pulmonary acariasis of Shandong Province

目的了解山东地区肺螨病病原的种类,以及肺螨病在该地区的流行状况。方法在省内8个地区16个县(市),以普通人群及从事不同行业的重点人群为对象,采用访问法和螨渗液皮肤点刺试验调查肺螨感染情况,计算肺螨感染率,检出的螨虫作分类鉴定;在生活环境及仓储环境采样查螨,并进行螨种鉴定。结果调查普通人群4 622人,肺螨感染率为0.26%;重点人群检查2 754人,肺螨感染率为6.90%,其中粮食加工人员感染率最高,为13.80%,粮食搬运工感染率为10.78%。肺螨感染主要与接触螨类孳生环境的时间长短有关,且随年龄增大感染率升高(P<0.05),但性别感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。痰检查出螨类4科7属8种,环境螨16种。结论肺螨感染与从事职业有关,在螨类环境中工作年限越长,肺螨感染率越高。粗脚粉螨和粉尘螨为肺螨病的常见致病螨。

Objective To know the species of pulmonary acariasis pathogeny and epidemic status in Shandong. Methods The interview method and mites ooze liquid skin test were used to estimate the numbers of acariasis pathogeny and incidence rate in the area. Results 4 622 subjects of the normal and different professional key population were surveyed, the infection rate was 0. 26%, 2 754 subjects of different professional key population were surveyed, the infection rate was 6. 90%. Among them, the numbers of the people engaged in the grain processing was highest with 13.8% of incidence rate, the following, being the grain porter（10. 78%）. The investigation indicated the infection with mites had main connection with time which contact breeding environment of mites. There was no significant difference between sex and age, and eight genus mites were detected in this investigation. Conclusion The investigation systematically sur veyed the genus of mites which can infected people in Shandong. The investigation shows the epidemic of pulmonary acariasis was relative with the special professional population and the more working time in the breeding environment of mites, the more infection and prevalence rate. Therefore, the personal labor protection to the specific crowd must be strengthened.