马铃薯茎尖组织培养技术研究

Research on Tissue Culture Technology for Potato Stem-tip

[目的]提高离体马铃薯茎尖组织培养的成苗率和脱毒率。[方法]从马铃薯上取生长健壮的芽,经消毒后在显微镜下切取1.0到1.5 mm长度的茎尖,接种于诱导分化培养基上,研究了不同浓度的GA3、KT与6-BA和不同激素配比以及不同浓度的基础培养基的诱导效果,探讨了茎尖组织诱导分化的最适培养条件。[结果]低浓度的GA3可促进愈伤组织的形成,过高的GA3浓度会抑制愈伤组织的形成;KT比6-BA具有更好的诱导效果;在MS+GA30.1 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L培养基中激素配比的诱导效果较好。[结论]MS+0.5 mg/L KT+0.2 mg/L GA3+0.1 mg/L NAA是最为适宜的茎尖组织培养基。在28℃、每天光照16 h、光照强度>2 000lx的培养条件下,经7 d左右即可得到形态良好愈伤组织,经15 d左右即可得到分化良好的试管植株。

[Objective] The study aimed to enhance the seedling rate and virus free rate of stem-tip tissue euhttre of potato in vitro. [Methed] The lusty bud was taken from potato,and the stem-tip with length from 1 to 1.5 mm was cut under microscope after disinfection,and then it was inoculated to the medium for induction and differentiation,the induction effects of GA3 ,KT and 6-BA with different eonen.and the different honmoone matehing as well as the basie medium with different eonen.were studied,and the most proper eulture conditions for induction and differentiation of stem-tip tissue was discussed. [ Result ] The GA3 with low eonen, eould promote callus formation, the exorbitant GA3 eonen, would restrain formation of callus; KT had better induction effect than that of 6-BA. In the medium of MS ＋ GA3 0.1 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.1 mg/L ＋ 6-BA 0.5 mg/L, the induction effect was good for the hormone matching. [Conclusion] The MS ＋ 0.5 mg/L KT ＋ 0.2 mg/L GA3 ＋ 0.1 mg/L NAA was the most suitable medium for stem-tip tissue.Under the culture conditions of light intensity 〉 2 000 lx, temperature of 28 ℃, illumination of 16 h per day, the callus with good shape would be attained about 7 d later,and the test tube plantlets with good differentiation could be acquired about 15 d later.