海芋水培与土培根解剖结构比较研究

Comparative Study on Root Anatomic Structure of Alocasia macrorhiza(Aracea) in Hydroponic Culture and Soil Culture

[目的]为研究水培植物提供参考。[方法]以海芋的水培植株及其相应的土培植株为材料,石蜡制片和染色后,观察了根系的解剖结构,测量根表皮厚度。[结果]海芋的水培植株及其相应的土培植株在根冠体积及根冠淀粉粒的数量、表皮厚度、皮层结构差别明显。水培根的根冠体积小,淀粉粒的数量少,土培根的根冠体积大,淀粉粒的数量多。水培根的表皮厚度小于土培根。水培根的皮层中含有大量通气组织,土培根的皮层中为普通的薄壁细胞,不存在通气组织。土培根中靠近外皮层和内皮层的薄壁细胞的胞间隙小,皮层薄壁细胞的胞间隙较大。[结论]海芋的水培植株的根系结构已产生较大的适应性变化。

[ Objective] 1he aim was to provide the reference for the research on the plant in hydroponic culture. [ Method] With the Alocasia macrorhiza plants in hydroponic culture and their corresponding plants in soil culture the as tested materials, after Paraffin sections and staining, their anatomic structures in the roots were observed and the epidermis thickness was measured. [ Result ] There were obvious differences for A. macrorhiza plants in hydro- ponic culture and their corresponding plants in soil culture on the volume of root cap, the quantity of starch grain in root cap, the thickness of epidermis and the structure of cortex. The volume of root cap was small and the amount of starch grain in the root cap of roots from hydroponic culture was few. The volume of root cap was big and the amount of starch grain in the root cap of roots from soil culture was more. The thickness of epidermis of roots from soil culture was less than that from soil culture. These were abundant aerenchymas in the cortex of roots from hydroponic culture, while the cortex of roots from soil culure had the normal parenchyma cells and did not exist the aerenchymas. The intereellular Spaces of parenchyma cells close to exedennis and endodermis were smaller, but that in the cortex were larger. [ Conclusion] The root structure of A. macrorhiza plants in hydroponic culture had a more adaptive change.