钾硼配合施用对油菜产量效应的研究

Study on the Effect of Combined Application of Potassium and Boron on Yield of Brassica napus

[目的]探讨钾硼配合施用对油菜产量的影响。[方法]以华油杂9号为材料,通过田间试验研究氮、磷、钾、硼4种肥料不同配方对油菜产量的影响。[结果]钾硼配合施用油菜产量显著增加,经济效益明显。以施K2O 120.0 kg/hm2和硼砂15.0 kg/hm2的油菜经济效益最高,产值为15764元/hm2,比对照增收3108元/hm2,增产24.6%,钾硼肥配合施用产投比3.0。不施用钾肥,油菜收获后土壤缓效钾和速效钾含量下降明显,施用钾肥后土壤缓效钾和速效钾含量均有不同程度提高,且土壤速效钾变化趋势大于缓效钾;施用硼肥加剧了土壤缓效钾和速效钾含量的下降。[结论]该研究为建立高效的油菜施肥技术体系提供了参考依据。

[ Objective] The aim was to discuss the effect of combined application of potassium and boron on the yield of Brassica napus. [ Method] With Huanyouza 9 as the tested material, the effect of 4 kinds of fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and boron with different formulas on the yield of B. napus were studied in field test. [ Result ] The yield of B. napus with combined application potassium and boron was increased significantly and the economic benefit was obvious. The economic benefit of B. napus applied 120.0 kg/hm^2 K2O and 15.0 kg/hm^2 borax was highest and its output value was 15 764 yuan/hm^2 ,which was increased by 3 108 yuan/hm^2 than that of CK,being increased by 24.6%.The ratio of output to input of combined application of potassium and boron was 3.0. The content of slowly available potassium and the available potassium in the soil without potassium application was decreased significantly after the B. napus was ＂harvested,while that in the soil with potassium application was all increased to a different degree and the change trend of available potassium in the soil was larger than that of slowly available potassium. The decline of the slowly available potassium content and the available potassium content in the soil were aggravated when the boron fertilizer was applied. [ Conclusion] The research provided the reference for the establishment of the high efficient fertilizer application technology system B. napus.