不同氮肥施用量对甘草农艺性状的影响

Effects of Different Amount of Applying N Fertilizer on the Agronomy Characters of Licorice(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)

[目的]研究氮素营养对甘草各生长阶段农艺性状的影响,为解决栽培甘草质量差、成本高的困境和实施甘草的GAP栽培提供理论和技术支持。[方法]采用单因素随机区组设计,研究不同氮素营养条件下1、2年生甘草株高、茎基直径、主根长、主根直径、叶长叶宽、分枝数和节间长度的动态变化。试验共设6个氮素处理,纯N用量分别为0(N0)、2.999(N1)、7.496(N2)、14.993(N3)、22.489(N4)、29.985g/m3(N5),折合尿素用量分别为0、6.518、16.296、32.592、48.889、65.185 g/m3。[结果]随氮肥施用量的增加,甘草株高、茎基直径、复叶小叶叶面积、主根长及主根粗都呈现先增高后降低的变化趋势。其中,株高以N4处理最好;小叶长和宽都以N3处理最好,与其他处理之间差异显著;N3和N4处理间的分枝数差异不显著,但与N0、N5之间差异极显著;1年生甘草,N1处理节间长度最小,N3次之,N5处理最大,N1、N3与其他处理间差异显著;2年生甘草,N2处理节间长度最小,N4处理最大,N2和N3处理间、N4和N5处理间差异不显著,但N2、N3处理与其他处理间差异显著。[结论]适量增施N肥对甘草株高、茎基直径、主根长、主根粗、复叶小叶的叶面积都有促进作用,且以氮素用量为14.993 g/m3时最理想。

[ Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of nitrogen nutrition on the economical character of licorice （ Glyeyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ） in its various growing phases,to settle the poor quality and high cost of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.eultivation and provide theoretical and technical support on the GAP cultivation of licorice. [ Method] By single-factor randomized block design, the dynamic changes of stem height, stem base diameter, length and diameter of the main root,length and width of leaf, the number of branches and the length of intemodes of annual or biennial Glyeyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. were studied under different nitrogen nutrition. The test designed 6 N fertilizer treatments, the amount of N fertilizer was 0（ N0）,2.999 （N1）, 7.496（N2）, 14.993（N3） ,22.489（N4） and 29.985 g/m3（N5） respectively, and the amount of reduced urea was 0,6.518,16.296,32.592,48.889,5.185 g/m^3 respectively. [Results] With the increase of nitrogenous fertilizer rate, the stem height, stem base diameter, area of compound leaves with leaflet,length and thick of the main root of C-lyckrrhiza uralensis Fisch. rose at first and dropped afterward. Thereinto, the stem height of N4 tmeatment was the most high. The length and width of leaflet of N3 treatment was the best,had signifieant difference with the other treatments. There was no obvious difference in the branches num- bers between N3 and N4 treatment,but there was most significant difference between them and N0,N5 treatment. The length of internodes of annual of NI treatment was the srmllest,N3 treatment took the second place,and N5 treatment was the largest. There was significant difference in the length of intemodes of atmual between N1, N3 troatments and the other treatments.While the length of intemodes of biennial of N2 treatment was the smallest, and N4 treatment was the largest. 3here was no obvious difference in the length of intemodes of biennial between N2 treatment and N3 treatment and between N4 treatment and N5 treatment,but there was significant difference between N2,N3 treatments and the other treatments. [ Conclusion] To increase the amount of nitroge- nous fertilizer properly can play an accelerative role on stem height, stem base diameter, area of compound leaves with leaflet,length and thick of the main root of Gtycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ,and the nitrogen dosage of 14.993 g/m^3 is the perfect.