陕北地区土壤中残留农药——氧化乐果高效降解菌的筛选

Preliminary Study on High Efficient Degrading Bacteria of Omethoate-Pesticide Residue in Soil of Northern Shaanxi

[目的]筛选具有降解氧化乐果能力的菌株。[方法]以延安市宝塔区枣园长期施用氧化乐果的蔬菜和果园土壤为菌源,以氧化乐果作为唯一碳源和能源,采用逐渐加量的方式,分离可降解氧化乐果的菌株,对其进行形态观察和生理生化特征鉴定。[结果]经过富集、驯化,共得到16株能在含氧化乐果的基础培养基上生长的菌株,其中有3株菌在含有亚适量葡萄糖的氧化乐果培养基内有较高的生长量,均在24 h内OD600值达到0.6左右。生理生化实验显示这3株菌株有较强的将氧化乐果降解为小分子化合物的能力。[结论]该研究为解决农药污染环境及农药残留问题提供了科学依据。

[ Objective] The aim was to screen the strains with the ability of degrading o methoate. [ Method] With the vegetable and orchard soils being applied omethoate for a long time in jujube orchard in the Baota region of Yanan City as bacteria source and the omethoate as the sole carbon source, the strains degrading omethoate were separated hy the mode of gradual adding anount, and their morphology were observed and their physiological and bio- chemical characteristics were identified. [ Result] Through enrichment and domestication, 16 strains which could grow in the basic medium containing omethoate were obtained. Among them, 3 strains which could grow in the omethoate medium containing sub optimal glucose had higher growth, whose OD600 all could reach about 0.6 in 24 h. The physiological and biochemical experiment showed that the 3 strains had stronger ability of degrading omethoate as small molecular compounds. [Conclusion] The research provided the scientific basis for solving the problems of pesticide pollution and residue.