石油醚提取过50目和过325目筛温莪术粉挥发油收率比较

Comparison of Volatile Oil by Means of Petroleum Aether Extracting Rate with 50 Mesh and 325 Mesh for Curcuma

目的探讨并比较石油醚回流提取温莪术粗粉和微纳米粉体挥发油的最佳工艺。方法将温莪术粉碎为过50目筛的粗粉与过325目筛的微粉，采用L18（2^1×3^7）表之正交实验设计，以温莪术挥发油的提油率为考察指标，以粉碎度、提取时间、加石油醚质量倍数及提取次数为工艺考察对象。结果以温莪术的挥发油提取率为考察指标，由直观分析可知各因素对提取的影响作用大小依次为提取次数〉加石油醚质量倍数〉提取时间〉粉碎度。方差分析结果表明，在石油醚回流提取温莪术挥发油的工艺中，提取次数和加石油醚的质量倍数对提油率有高度显著影响，提取时间和粉碎度有显著影响。提油率为：2．09％～3．62％，以过325目筛温莪术粉体，加20倍量石油醚，回流2h，提取3次的提油率最高，提油率为3．62％。结论该法的最佳工艺为：过325目筛温莪术微纳米粉体，加加倍质量倍数的石油醚，回流2h，提取3次。

Objective To investigate and compare the best extraction method by petroleum ether from Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling powder and micronanometer powder. Methods Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen et C. Ling was grinded in 50 mesh powder and 325 mesh micronanometer powder, then extracted by circumfluence extraction method of petroleum ether. Conditions for the extraction percentage of volatile fluid were studied by orthogonal experimental design of L18（2^1×3^7）, influences of degree of grinding, process time of extraction, quality of petroleum ether and times of extraction were investigated. Results The intu- itionistic analysis showed the order of effect of times of extraction 〉 quality of petroleum ether 〉 process time of extraction 〉 de- gree of grinding. Analysis of variance showed that in the process by circumfluence extraction method of petroleum ether, times of extraction, quality of petroleum ether, process time of extraction and degree of grinding had significant effect on the extraction rate. Conclusion The optimum condition was micrananometer powder of 325 mesh Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling,20 times amount of petroleum ether, refluring for 2 h, and extracting 3 times.