我国义务教育支出的区域公平性研究

Empirical research into regional fairness of compulsory education expenditure of China based on the equalization of basic public services

义务教育具有明显的外部性,市场不能有效地提供,只能通过公共提供的方式。在我国,义务教育支出主要由地方政府承担,但是由于现行的财政体制存在的诸多问题,使得我国的义务教育支出在不同区域以及城乡之间存在着不公平的现象。义务教育的地区均等化是构建社会主义和谐社会的要求,应该通过中央政府的转移支付、地方政府加大资金投入力度、提高资金使用效率等途径,最终实现义务教育支出均等化的目标。

The elementary education belongs to exact public para-product with stronger positive external effect and the market can not effectively provide elementary education which can only be provided by public. In China, the elementary education expenditure is mainly paid by local governments, because China＇s current financial policy system has many defects, however, the defects lead to unfair phenomenon of elementary education expenditure between different areas and between rural and urban areas. The regional equal elementary education is the demand of constructing socialism harmonious society. Equal elementary education expenditure can be formed by transfer payment of central government and local government＇ s enlarging investment, and by raising use efficiency of capital.