王阳明的蒙学教育思想及其现代启示

WANG Yang-ming's Mongolian Educational Ideas and Modern Apocalypse

"蒙养之学"是古代对蒙童进行基础文化知识教学和初步道德教育养成的统称。在长期的蒙学教学实践中,形成了独具特色的教育方法,有效地促进了蒙童知识的增长和道德素养的形成。挖掘传统蒙学的主要教育方法,不仅有助于对中华民族优秀文化遗产的弘扬,对当今蒙学教育教学实践也有一定的借鉴作用。这其中最典型并且对于我们今天最具启发意义的,当是王阳明在赣南创办的社学,以及他为儿童启蒙教育所作的课程、目标、教学方法等指导性、规范性的《社学教条》。

＂Study of Mongolian＇s Cultivation＂ refers to teaching Mongolian children the basic cultural knowledge and developing their initial morality, in the ancient times. During the long Mongolian teaching practice, the unique teaching approaches have been formed, which have effectively promoted to increase the Mongolian children＇ s knowledge and develop their moral quality. Deep researches on Mongolian main traditional educational approaches can not just contribute to carrying forward Chinese excellent cultural legacy, but also can be taken for reference to contemporary teaching practice in Mongolian studies. Of all these approaches, the most typical and inspiring to us is the ＂School of the community＂ （shexue） built by WANG Yang- ming in South Jiangxi（ Gannan）, where he made the guiding normal Shexue Dogmas such as the curricula, teaching objectives and teaching methods.