未来智能钻井系统

Future intelligent drilling technology

展望了未来智能钻井技术的系统组成、功能及其运行方式.智能钻井新技术是钻井技术、新材料技术、检测控制、微电子技术、通信和计算机、机器人和超微加工技术等的集成.未来的智能钻井将采用轻便车载连续油管全自动钻机,钻井作业中,安置在钻头上的智能机器人将观测和检测到的所有井下参数上传到地面,在钻井的同时完成测井工作;地面人员通过控制钻头运动轨迹和转速,实现遥控智能钻井;起下钻等钻井作业均由地面机器人按指令自动完成;通过通信网络技术,实现全球钻井协同工作.因此,智能钻井将大幅度降低钻井成本,大大提高钻井速度,减少钻井事故的产生,实现井眼轨迹的精确控制,进一步提高石油天然气勘探开发技术水平.

System composition as well as functional and operational modes of an intelligent drilling technology for the future were analyzed in this paper. It is an integration of a series of technologies, including drilling, use of new materials, new testing controls, microelectronics, telecommunications, computers, robots and ultra-micromachining, etc. A portable, truck-mounted, flexible and fully automatic drilling rig with coiled tubing was envisioned for this system. In this future drilling process, intelligent mini-robots mounted on the drill bit observe and detect all downhole parameters and send data back so as to simultaneously finish the logging operation while conducting the drilling process; intelligent drilling under remote control will be completed automatically with robotic instructions： robots control the drilling speed and trajectory of the bit. All drilling operations, such as tripping operations and cooperation among global drilling operations, are organized through communication network technology. It is anticipated this technology will significantly increase drilling speed while greatly reducing drilling accidents and costs. Owing to the precise control of well trajectory, intelligent drilling technology will improve the technical level of exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas.