大同市初中生健康相关行为现状分析

Health Behavior Among Junior Middle School Students in Datong

目的了解大同市初中生的健康相关行为现状,为开展青少年健康教育项目提供科学依据。方法随机抽取大同市1所普通中学,采用WHO全球学校学生健康调查(GSHS)问卷,对该中学1646名初中生进行问卷调查。结果81.8%学生通常每天都吃早餐,4.5%的学生家中食物匮乏;在学校,47.9%的学生吃东西前通常不洗手;过去12个月里,21.0%的学生受过严重伤害,26.7%有过连续2周的抑郁;过去30d中,乘车学生67.3%通常不系安全带,11.4%的学生被给过或被销售过毒品;运动足量的学生仅占32.2%;只有46.7%的家长通常了解学生的业余生活。课堂上接受过健康教育的学生健康行为持有率显著高于没有接受过的学生(P<0.05)。结论大同市初中生不健康行为率较高,课堂健康教育对青少年健康行为的养成作用显著。建议学校与家长紧密配合,开展健康教育,培养青少年健康行为。

Objective To study the status of health behavior among junior middle school students in Datong city, and to provide scientific evidence for developing programs and policies for youth health education. Methods A common middle school was selected in Datong city, and Global School-students Health Survey developed by WHO was used to collect the data among 1 646 students. Results About 81.8% of the students had breakfast everyday and 4.5% did not have enough food at home. About 47.9% rarely washed hands before eating at school. During the past 12 months, 21.0% committed severe injury and 26.7% kept depression for two weeks. During the past 30 days, 67.3% students did not fasten seat belt, 11.4% had ever been offered or sold drugs. Only 32.2% had enough physical activities. And only 46.7% parents knew what their children doing in spare time. Conclusion The positive rate of unhealthy behavior is high among junior middle school students in Datong City. It is necessary to develop health education for children and adolescent to promote their healthy behaviors and lifestyle.