中小强度健美操锻炼对女大学生心理健康的影响

Effects of Calisthenics Exercise of Low and Moderate Intensity On Mental Health of Female College Students

目的探讨中小强度健美操锻炼对女大学生身体自尊、心境及心理健康的影响,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供依据。方法用中小强度健美操锻炼对试验组被试连续干预10周,分为小强度试验组和中等强度试验组;对照组试验期间不参加体育锻炼。用身体自尊量表(PSPP)、心境量表(POMS)、心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)分别测量试验前后3组被试身体自尊、心境及其心理健康水平。结果中强度被试身体吸引力和小强度被试身体价值感、强迫症状、人际关系和TMD(PMOS指数)试验前后差异有统计学意义。多重比较结果表明,小强度组被试愤怒、抑郁、人际关系得分显著低于中强度组及对照组;中强度组疲劳得分显著低于小强度组及对照组;中小强度组被试TMD、强迫症状、总均分得分显著低于对照组。结论体育锻炼既能直接影响心理健康,又能通过影响身体自尊、心境间接地影响心理健康。

Objective To explore the effects of calisthenics exercise of low and moderate intensity on the body-esteem, mood and mental health of female college students, and to provide bases for improving college students＇ mental health. Methods The experiment subjects were intervened for 10 weeks by calisthenics exercises of low and moderate intensity while the control not to participate in physical exercise. The inventory of PSPP, POMS and SCL -90 was used to measure the level of body-esteem, mood and mental health of both groups before and after the intervention. Results There were statistical significant difference of physical self-worth, impulsive disorder, human relations and scores of TMD of low intensity group and body attraction of moderate intensity group before and after experiment. The results of pairwise comparisons indicated the score of subjects＇ rage, depression interpersonal relations of low intensity group and body attractions of moderate intensity group were lower than moderate intensity and control group. The subjects of moderate intensity group scored significantly lower on the fatigue than low intensity group and the control. The subjects of experiment group scored significantly lower on scores of TMD, impulsive disorder and total mean score than the control. Conclusion Physical exercise not only influences mental health indirectly but also influences mental health through body-esteem and mood indirectly.