舌上春秋:试论司马迁对纵横家的欣赏与扬弃

Si Maqian's Approval and Disapproval of Zong-Heng Theory

先秦秦汉之际,纵横家思想曾经显赫一时。司马迁本着实录精神,在《史记》中记载了他们追名逐利、纵横游说的事迹,毫不掩饰地传达了自己对纵横家们追求人生价值行为的欣赏之情,但站在历史发展的角度,对纵横家制造分裂、不利于大一统的方面也有所扬弃。

From pre-Qin period till the beginning of Hart Dynasty, Zong-Heng theory used to be very popular and to play a vital role. Zong-Heng strategists sought for fortune and fame, and canvassed for political support. In the famous literature Shi-Ji, Si Maqian fairly recorded their stories and distinctly conveyed his appreciation to their seeking for the value of life. But thinking of the developing of history, he also realized its bad effect to the unification of the country, so that disapproved of some parts of the theory.