重大突发职业中毒事故应急研究

Study of the questions and current status of emergency response for unexpected occupational poisoning accident

重大突发职业中毒事故频频发生,事故导致社会影响大和死伤人数众多的情况引起政府和企业的高度关注。造成这一结果的原因除与企业在管理和生产运行中存在的问题有关以外,面对突发事件发生的应急准备和响应能力不足是导致事态进一步扩大的重要原因之一。在对目前我国大多数企业的应急准备能力进行了大样本的问卷调查和数据统计,包括应急管理、应急机构或管理人员设置、应急资源配置、应急预案及有关应急处置方案制定、应急培训和演练等事故时应急响应需求等各方面。在总结存在问题的基础上,提出了应急准备诸多方面对策措施及建议。

Emergency response for unexpected occupational poisoning accident is an important and complicated work, It need the participate and cooperate of enterprise and the government. In order to emergency response for unexpected occupational poisoning accident targetedly, the paper survey many enterprise in China. Based on the survey,the main issues are as follows ： the emergency plans of each department and each specialty were built based on self work charac- teristics and limited to respective field, there were shortcomings in the aspect of pertinence, and a work mechanism being mutual harmonious and unified command was absent, then enough support and supplement can not be supplied to emergency response. By understanding and analyzing the main problems, it can improve better in future.