大学生心理健康教育模式分类探析

Probe on the Classification of Mental Health Education Models for College Students

心理健康教育模式的研究是学校心理健康教育发展过程中的一个重要理论问题,高校心理健康教育工作者在20多年的实践中逐步形成了一些典型做法。按服务对象和目标不同有矫治模式和发展模式;按课程不同有学科课程模式和活动课程模式;按教育的切入点不同有专门机构协调管理模式、心理——德育结合模式和学科教学渗透模式;按实施者的偏好及学生的具体情况有心理分析模式、来访者中心模式、行为模式和认知模式。每一种模式都有其适应性和局限性。目前,理论界和实践界都认识到,有效的大学生心理健康教育是多种模式的融合。

The research on the mental health education models is one of the crucial theoretical issues in the development process of school mental education in China. We have formed some typical practice during the past 20 years and got some models： corrective model and developing model from the angle of serving object and target; discipline curriculum model and activity curriculum model from the angle of curriculum; special institution management model and infiltrating model of psychological-moral combining education and discipline-teaching from the angle of contact point; psychological analysis model, consultant self--centered model, behavior model and cognitive model from the angle of operator＇s tendency and students＇ situation. Each model has its own applicability and limits. Both in theory study and practice reach consensus that the combination of different models is an effective way of mental health education for college students.