进步教育运动对美国学校体育发展的影响及对我们的启示

Effects and inspirations of the progressive education movement on the development of US scholastic physical education

从历史视角阐述进步教育运动对美国学校体育发展的影响。从中得出3点启示:(1)美国在世界上是一个年轻的国家,它的体育发展起步较晚,但发展极其迅速。进步教育运动促使体育改革是其发展的动力。(2)美国的进步教育运动虽然取得很大的成就,但它所产生的负面影响也很大。任何"改革运动"的本意都是好的,但带来的结果和影响可能是多方面的。借古鉴今,审视我们近几年的学校体育改革成效时,切莫只看成绩而忽视改革中有可能偏离方向的极端形式化的做法。(3)在进步教育运动的影响下,美国在学校体育改革中完全忽视了体操教育,结果学生的体质出现了非常严重的问题。以此为鉴,新世纪中国学校体操教育亟待加强。

From the perspective of history, the author expatiated on the effects of the progressive education movement on the development of US scholastic physical education, and from which the author drew three inspirations： 1） the United States is a young nation in the world; its sport is developed extremely fast, although started relatively late; the progressive education movement has boosted sports reform, being its driving power; 2） although the progressive education movement in the United States has made great achievements, negative effects it produces are also tremendous; any ＂reform movements＂ mean for good things, but the results and effects they bring may be various; when we review achievements made in scholastic physical education reform in recent years by referring to past experiences, we should never just look at achievements made but neglect extremely formalized approaches that may get us off the right track, to which we should pay our vigilant attention; 3） affected by the progressive education movement, the United States has completely neglected gymnastic education, which resulted in very serious problems with student＇s constitution; scholastic gymnastic education in China in the new century should be further strengthened.