小麦-秆锈菌互作中的激发子对小麦过敏性坏死反应和防御酶活性的诱导

Hypersensitive Response and Activity Dynamics of Defense Enzymes Induced by Elicitor(s)from Wheat-stem Rust Interaction System

小麦接种高度非亲和性的小麦秆锈菌后，在其细胞间隙液（IWF）中可能存在激发子。通过硫酸铵沉淀法将其分级，再将各分级沉淀蛋白溶液注射到高度非亲和性互作小麦叶片中，观察过敏性坏死反应（HR）和过氧化物酶（POD）及苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性变化。结果表明：激发子成分主要集中在50％～80％硫酸铵沉淀蛋白部分中，能明显诱导叶片发生过敏性坏死反应；40μg／mL的该分级沉淀蛋白溶液处理小麦叶片后，PAL和POD活性在早期已有显著增加，分别在诱导处理后36h和60h左右出现最高峰，较对照分别增加了37．47％和78．20％。

Elicitors can be found in intercellular washing fluids （IWFs）in highly incompatible interaction between wheat and stem rust. The IWFs were classified using Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation and all the proteins dissolved in ddH2O2 were injected into highly incompatible interaction wheat leaves respectively, then hypersensitive response was observed and activity dynamics of peroxidase （POD） and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL） were measured. The result showed that elicitor（s）mainly was（were,）included in the 50 % - 80 % classification and obviously induced the hypersensitive response of wheat leaves. POD and PAL activity had remarkable increase after inducement by 40 tLg/mL protein solution of 50 % - 80 % classification. POD activity reached highest point at the time of 36 h and had 37.47 % increase, and that of PAL activity were 60 h and 78.20 %.