杂交小麦冠层性状与产量结构间的协调性分析

Analysis of the Coordinating Activity between Canopy Traits and Yield Structure in Hybrid Wheat

选用9个性状差异较大的品种(系)组配成36个杂交组合,用Nair单性状水平分组法将杂交组合进行分组,按分组结果对不同产量水平下各产量构成因素与穗下节长、冠层叶片长、宽及叶面积间的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,上三叶长和叶面积是单位面积穗数的制约因素;上三叶宽对产量的形成有利;随产量水平的升高:穗下节长与产量的关系由不显著正相关至极显著正相关;旗叶面积与产量的关系由显著正相关至显著负相关;倒二叶面积与产量的关系由不显著负相关至极显著正相关,倒三叶面积与产量的关系由不显著正相关至极显著正相关;即在超高产杂交小麦育种中,应选择穗下节长、上三叶短、宽、旗叶面积小、倒二、倒三叶面积大的杂交组合。

9 different wheat varieties were selected and 36 hybrid combinations were got from nine-dilled crosses.The 36 hybrid combinations were divided into different groups by single characteristic method of Nair grouping.The correlations be-tween the canopy traits and yield structure was studied in different groups.The results indicated that the length and areas of the top three leaves were the restricted characters in deciding the spikes per area.The width of the top three leaves was beneficial to yield structure.With the improvement of yield level,the relationships between yield and stem length under spike were from no significant positive correlation to significant positive correlation at 1% level;the relationships between yield and area of the flag leaf were from significant positive correlation to significant negative correlation at 5% level;the relationships between yield and area of the second leaf above were from no significant negative correlation to significant posi-tive correlation at 1% level;the relationships between yield and area of the third leaf above were from no significant posi-tive correlation to significant positive correlation at 1% level.In super-high yield hybrid wheat breeding,selection should fo-cus on those crosses with longer stem length under spike,wider and shorter in the top three leaves,smaller area of the flag leaf,larger area of the second and third leaf.