肿瘤科住院病人临床感染病原菌分布和耐药性分析

Distribution of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance analysis from infected hospital patients in the Department of Oncology

目的分析肿瘤科住院病人临床感染病原菌分布及其耐药状况，以指导临床合理用药。方法收集2007年9月至2008年9月我院肿瘤科住院病人有关的病原学资料，进行统计分析。结果606例病人共检出196株细菌。其中真菌101株（51．5％），革兰阴性杆菌70株（35．7％），革兰阳性球菌25株（12．8％）。真菌对氟康唑耐药率相对较高，对其余4种抗真菌药物比较敏感。肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌是临床最常见的革兰阴性杆菌。三种常见病原菌对亚胺培南敏感性较高，敏感率在95．2％-100％。常见的阳性球菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、替考拉宁的敏感性均为100％。结论临床医生应该关注分离菌的变迁及敏感性的情况，合理使用抗生素。

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from tumor hospital patients, and to guide drug treatment in clinic. Methods The clinic data of pathogens isolated from tumor patient of our hospital were collected from September 2007 to September 2008. Results Among 606 patients, 196 strains were found in bacteria detection. Fungi, Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria were 101 strains （51.5%）, 70 strains （35.7%）, and 25 strains （12.8%）. Fungis were highly resistant to fluconazole while sensitive to the other four antifungal agents. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most predominant swains in Gram-negative bacilli, the sensitive rates of imipenem against the three bacteria were from 95.2% to 100%. Among Gram-positive coccus, the sensitive rates of vancomycin, nitrofurantoin, teicoplanin against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis were 100%. Conclusions Clinicians should pay attention to the changes of pathogenic bacteria and their drug susceptibility for reasonable use of antibiotics.