从原创性的案例法发展看原创性之内涵

On the Connotation of Originality from the Development of Case Law

美国原创性的案例法构成了其原创性法律制度的有机组成部分。Burrow-G iles案强调原创性的作品是智力创造的产物,是思想和观念的表现;B leistein案建立了原创性判断的个性理论和"美学不歧视原则;"A lfred案确认并适用了B leistein案有关原创性的判断标准,即考察作品中是否显现出作者的个性;Gracen案确认了演绎作品的原创性标准,即演绎作品同原作品之间存在实质性的区别;Feist案具有重大意义,确认原创性是一项宪法性的要求,否定了额头出汗原则,确定原创性的含义是独立创作加最低限度的创造性,确立了汇编作品的原创性标准,即汇编作品在事实的选择、协调或编排方面是否具备最低限度的创造性。

Symbolled by the Feist case, case law contributes to the development and the enrichment of the originality principle. The Feist case classically expresses the originality which says that originality means that the works is independently created by the author and has at least some minimal degree of creativity.