中晚明“山人侠”略论

A Brief Discussion on "Shan Ren Xia" in the Mid and Late Ming Dynasty

山人是明代兴起的特殊社会群体,山人之任侠则使中国古代侠史上涌现出新型的一个类别即"山人侠"。侠是明代山人文化的核心和明代山人的精神内涵。山人以侠的方式和气质塑造自我,参与现实,影响社会,实现了其存在价值。对山人尚侠之风的梳理可以更清晰地把握明代底层文人成为山人后的生活走向,也使我们能进一步探索山人的核心价值。侠的叙写和侠气的抒发,成为山人文学创作的动机与主要内容,给明代文学带来了更广阔的审美空间;山人在塑造自己侠的形象同时,也完成了他们作为一种文学形象、文学题材的构建。

Shan Ren is a special social community emerging in the Ming Dynasty, and the chevaliers among Shan Ren create a new image in the history of ancient Chinese chevaliers, that is, Shan Ren Xia. Chivalry is the central part of Shan Ren＇s culture and spirit. Therefore, behaving like chevaliers, Shan Ren plunged into reality, influenced the society, improved itself, and realized the value of existence. By discussing the trend of Shan Ren＇s appreciating Chivalry, we can grasp the style of life of grass-root litterateurs after becoming Shan Ren, and probe into the central value of Shah Ren more deeply. The expression and depiction of chivalry become motivation and main contents of Shan Ren＇s writing, and bring the literature of the Ming Dynasty into a broader aesthetic space. Shan Ren creates an image of chevalier for themselves, and simultaneously finish the construction of themselves as a image and subject of literature.