论现代社会系统中的不信任机制

A Study of the Distrust Mechanism in Modern Social System

不信任作为信任的孪生物,可以被视为针对互动过程中被信任方所出现的预期与回馈之间不一致的主观回应,而在本质上,不信任则是一定社会存在条件下交往双方的利益关系的客观反映。在历史渊源上,不信任源自于西方的"共和"传统和"性恶论"信条,因此,不信任是巩固民主制的必要工具和制衡动力,但这项重要功能却常常为人们所忽略。因此在面对现实的信任危机时,人们应当反思是否还是延续一味强调信任的思路。本文认为应当尝试从不信任的角度出发,建构起一种全新的有限信任机制,在树立必要信任的同时,也应强调合理的不信任。

As the twin of trust, distrust can be essentially regarded as the subjective response to the inconsistencies which appeared in an interactive process between the expected and the feedback from the man who is trusted. As for the historical origin, the idea of distrust can be traced back to ＂Republican＂ tradition and the ＂evil＂ creed in the West. Therefore, distrust is the guarantee of democratic system and necessary tools to balance democracy. But this important function was often neglected. When facing the reality of the crisis of trust, we should think about whether it is right to continue emphasizing the idea of trust. The article tries to argue from the angle of distrust that we should build up a new limited trust mechanism and emphasize reasonable distrust while establishing necessary trust.