某市流水线作业工人职业紧张与健康关系分析

Analysis on the relationship between occupation stress and health in processing line workers

目的了解某市流水线作业工人职业紧张现状及其与身心健康之间的关系。方法应用职业紧张指标测量工具,对547名流水线作业工人进行问卷调查。结果流水线作业工人工作满意感的得分低于对照组。不同行业类型流水线作业工人工作满意感、心理卫生、职业紧张因素、应付策略评分在统计学上差异有显著性(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析结果显示,躯体不适状况、工作满意感、行为类型是心理卫生水平的主要预测因素,行为类型、心理卫生水平、职业紧张因素、应付策略、是否吸烟、工龄是躯体不适状况的主要预测因素,行为类型、职业紧张因素、工龄、年龄、心理卫生水平是工作满意感的主要预测因素;男女心理卫生水平、躯体不适状况、工作满意感的主要预测因素有所不同。结论某市流水线作业工人工作满意感低于对照组,存在着职业紧张因素,这些因素和行为类型、应付策略、工龄、吸烟对身心健康影响显著,对因素的反应存在着性别差异。

Objective To investigate the status of occupational stress and their influence factors in the workers at processing line. Methods 547 workers at processing line were investigated with occupational stress indictor （OSI）. Results Compared with the control, workers had lower scores on the sense of job satisfaction. Significant differences were shown between the scores of OSI within different kinds of workers. With the stepwise regression, the poor physical fitness status, the sense of job satisfaction, the type A behavior were strong predictors of the mental well-being level. The type A behavior, the mental health level, the occupational stress, the stress coping ability, smoking and the working hours were strong predictors of the poor physical fitness status. The type A behavior, the occupational stress, the working hours, the ages and the mental health level were strong predictors of the sense of job satisfaction. There were significant difference between the male and the female in predictors of the mental well-being level, the poor physical fitness status and the sense of job satisfaction. Conclusion The workers at processing line had occupational stress, their job satisfaction levels were lower than those of the control group. The occupational stress, the type A behavior, the stress coping ability, the working hours and smoking were found to be significant predictors of the poor physical fitness status. The scores of OSI between the male and the female had significant difference.