宫柳意象的历史渊源和审美意蕴考述

The Origin of the Image of "the Willow in the Palace" and its Aesthetic Meaning——A Textual Research on Classical Image of Willows

至迟自汉以来,杨柳被广泛种植于宫廷苑囿,成为宫中常见的绿化树。杨柳植入宫廷后,很快得到帝王文士的喜爱,他们爱柳、赋柳,甚至亲手种柳,杨柳也成为帝王、文士笔下常见的吟咏对象。中唐出现了专门的吟咏宫柳的诗歌,此后宫柳成为一个重要的文学题材。宫中杨柳特殊的种植场所赋予杨柳别样的美感。文人对宫柳的反复吟咏,表现了文人企盼君王赏识改变处境的愿望。

Willow, as a common green tree, has been planted in palace as early as the Hart Dynasty, and was loved by emperors and scholars alike. They depicted willows and even planted them by themselves. Hence willow became a familiar theme. The poem only describing the willow in the palace appeared in the middle Tang Dynasty, and from then on ＂royal willows＂ grew into an important subject. The especial location of the tree made it more beautiful and different from the willows outside. That＇s why ＂the same willow looks different because of the different planting location＂. The particular willow was repeatedly depicted in the poetry, indicating that the ancient scholars longed to be appreciated and promoted by their emperors.