黄土高原丘陵沟壑区露天煤矿复垦地生态修复的水土保持效应研究

Study on Ecological Rehabilitation of Opencast Coal Mine and It's Soil and Water Conservation in the Hilly and Gully Area of the Loess Plateau

采用美国通用水土流失方程(USLE)对研究区各个生态修复模式的土壤水力侵蚀情况进行分析,即应用USLE方程对不同土地利用类型的现实侵蚀量和潜在侵蚀量分别进行估算。研究表明,研究区不同生态修复模式下土壤保持功能为乔灌混交林(11731.364t/km2.a)>人工牧草(11641.637t/km2.a)>灌木(11331.044t/km2.a)>林地(11296.534t/km2.a)>荒草地(9709.049t/km2.a);进一步运用SPSS对研究区土壤侵蚀模数与植被覆盖度非线性模型进行预测,研究区土壤侵蚀模数与植被覆盖度之间的方程式为:Y=5773.04-1262.4Lnx。

This paper used universal Soil Loss Equation to calculate ecosystem service value. The order from big to small in terms of the effect of soil hydraulic erosion control from the different vegetation compilations in the investigated areas was as follow： arboreal and bush mixed woodland （11731. 364t/km^2. a） 〉 artificial pasture（ 11641. 637t/km^2. a） 〉 bush land （ 11331.044t/km^2. a） 〉 woodland （ 11296.534t/km^2. a） 〉 abandoned land（9709.049t/km^2. a）. After analyzing the Ecological effects, SPSS was used to prognosticate the nonlinear model between soils erosion modulus and vegetative coverages, the equation was： Y = 5773.04 - 1262.4Lnx.