土壤石油烃污染的植物毒性及植物-微生物联合降解

Phytoxicity and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in soil

通过盆栽实验研究了土壤石油烃污染对玉米和水稻根伸长的影响,并在土壤中接种经过筛选得到的石油烃降解菌,研究石油烃降解菌对石油烃毒性的影响以及对土壤中石油烃的降解。研究结果表明,石油烃浓度低于1000 mg/kg时对玉米的根系生长有一定的刺激生长作用,随着石油烃浓度的增加,刺激根长生长的作用逐渐降低,研究结果表明,水稻根长受石油烃影响较小。通过对不同处理土壤中石油烃降解的研究结果表明,土壤中种植水稻对石油烃有一定的降解作用,但是不同处理下土壤中的石油烃降解率不同,其中水稻-微生物联合处理下土壤中石油烃的降解速率最快,培养期内的降解效率达到53.3%。

With the pot experiments, the phytoxicity and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in soil were investigated. The effects of inoculation of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated form the petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil on the phytoxicity and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil were also investigated. It was indicated that with the increasing of petroleum hydrocarbon addition the growth of the root was stimulated until 1 000 mg/kg. However the stimulation decreased under the treatment of more than 1 000 mg/kg petroleum hydrocarbon. The petroleum hydrocarbon could be degraded by the rice and soil microbe. The results indicated that with the inoculation of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, the soil petroleum hydrocarbon under the treatment of rice got the highest biodegradation （53.3%）.