经鼻内窥镜垂体腺瘤切除术

Endoscopic transsphenoidal approach in surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas

目的探讨鼻内窥镜在垂体腺瘤手术中的应用价值和适应证。方法开展了２４例经鼻内窥镜垂体腺瘤切除手术。２４例垂体腺瘤患者中２０例为经鼻蝶窦进路，４例为经鼻中隔蝶窦进路。结果２０例经鼻蝶窦进路瘤组织得到了完全切除，手术所需时间较经鼻中隔蝶窦进路显微外科手术明显缩短。４例经鼻中隔蝶窦进路中３例瘤组织完全切除，１例非分泌性腺瘤（Ⅴ期）患者因瘤组织侵犯鞍旁及海绵窦，仅行大部分切除。所有患者术后头痛、视力障碍和闭经泌乳等症状均有改善。１６例次术前血清泌乳素（ＰＲＬ）水平异常（２３．０～１２５．０μｇ／Ｌ，平均６４．９±４３．７μｇ／Ｌ）的患者，术后血清ＰＲＬ水平恢复正常。９例次术前血清生长激素（ＧＨ）水平异常（５０．０～７２．０μｇ／Ｌ，平均６２．１±１１．４μｇ／Ｌ）的患者，术后血清ＧＨ水平低于５．０μｇ／Ｌ。上述患者术后随访２～７２个月（平均１８±２１个月）无复发。术后均未见颅内出血、视神经损伤、脑脊液鼻漏、脑膜炎及垂体功能低下等并发症。结论经鼻内窥镜垂体腺瘤切除术是一个简便、安全、有价值的外科技术，只要正确地掌握好此类手术的适应证，可以获得满意的治疗效果。

Objective To recognize the indications and the value of endoscopic transsphenoidal approach in surgical treatment of pituitany adenomas. Methods The management of pituitary adenomas in 24 patients was reviewed. Results Endoscopic transnasal transspheniodal approach was used successfully in 24 cases and endoscopic transseptal transsphenoidal approach was used successfully in 4 cases, total tumor resection in 23 cases and subtotal resection in 1 case were achieved. Conclusion This new technique offered a simple and rapid access to the sella turcica, and also, direct visualization which improve the surgeon′s ability to resect tumors, it is a safe, valuable and efficient procedure for removing pituitary adenomas. The indications and management of the complications of endoscopic pituitary surgery were discussed.