多元化的康复治疗与工娱治疗临床对照分析

The clinical contrastive analysis between diverse rehabilitation and general entertainment therapy

目的：多元化的结构式的院内康复对住院精神病患者药物维持期精神康复的影响。方法：我院两个科室各抽取40位药物维持治疗期精神病患者，一个试点科室（研究组）在常规治疗护理基础上启动全面康复的新理念，实施多元化的结构式的院内精神康复；另一科室（对照组）在常规治疗护理基础上实施传统工娱活动康复。采用简明精神病量表（BPRS）和护士用住院观察量表（NOSIE）对两组患者分别于人组时和住院3个月进行评定。结果：3个月后研究组患者的NOSIE量表的社会能力、社会兴趣、个人卫生3因子分明显高于入组时的分值，而激惹、精神病表现、退缩、抑郁4因子分和BPRS分明显低于入组时的分值；与对照组比较：研究组患者在精神病表现、社会能力，社会兴趣、个人卫生、激惹、迟滞、抑郁等评分有显著性差异。结论：多元化的结构式的精神康复疗法对住院精神病患者的认知、情绪情感、意志行为等的改变具有很大的促进作用，直接影响到社会功能的恢复，更有利于提高生活质量，回归家庭社会。

Objective：To explore the clinical effect of the mental patients which in drug maintenance stage with diversification and structural formula rehabilitation therapy in hospital. Methods： Each section office chooses 40 mental patients who are in drug main- tenance therapy in two section offices of our hospital. One group （experimental group） use normal nurse and treatment, as well as diversification and structural formula mental rehabilitation in hospital. The other group use normal nurse and treatment, as well as entertainment activity rehabilitation. To judge two groups people in the day that people join in and 3 months later by brief psychiatric rating scale （BPRS） and nurse observe scale （NOSIE）. Results： Comparing point value at the time of joining , 3 months later, the total score of NOSIE , social ability, social interest and personal hygiene are apparently higher, irritableness, psychosis performance, retraction, depression and BPRS are much lower. Compared experimental group with controlled ones, they have prominent differentiation. Conclusions： Diversification and structural formula rehabilitate therapy accelerate mental patients in the field of acknowledge, emotion, volitional behavior and can affect the recover social function, benefit to raise quality of life and return to social.