摘要
猛禽监测计划是一项长期的(40年以上)、遍及英国的暴露监测计划,目的是确定猛禽肝脏和卵中指定杀虫剂和污染物的浓度。本文描述了猛禽监测计划的工作过程,尤其侧重描述其中一些用以监测猛禽体内污染物的重要科学和政策动因,以及猛禽监测计划的特别目标、范围和方法。我们还发布了过去未曾发表的数据,这些数据充分说明猛禽监测计划在逆转化学污染物产生的影响中是一项成功的缓解措施,且猛禽监测计划能够确定并评估化学物质对具有高保护价值物种的风险,并最终宣告和提炼出监测方法理论。另外,我们讨论了这项计划如何用于更广泛的保护需求。
The Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (PBMS) is a long term (>40 y),UK-wide,exposure monitoring scheme that determines the concentration of selected pesticides and pollutants in the livers and eggs of predatory birds.This paper describes how the PBMS works,and in particular highlights some of the key scientific and policy drivers for monitoring contaminants in predatory birds and describes the specific aims,scope,and methods of the PBMS.We also present previously unpublished data that illustrates how the PBMS has been used to demonstrate the success of mitigation measures in reversing chemicalmediated impacts;identify and evaluate chemical threats to species of high conservation value;and finally to inform and refine monitoring methodologies.In addition,we discuss how such schemes can also address wider conservation needs.
