1680例智力低下儿童的遗传咨询研究

Genetic Counselling Investigation of 1 680 Children with Mental Retardation

１９９１年１０月至１９９７年６月通过遗传咨询观察了智力低下（ＭＲ）儿童１６８０例，其中男性占５３．３％，女性占４６．７％；伴癫痫者占１１．２％，伴脑瘫者占２１％；第一胎占８２．６％；轻度ＭＲ占７３．８％，中度ＭＲ占２２．９％，重度ＭＲ占３．３％。染色体核型异常检出率为１４．６％，其中常染色体异常占７３．１％，性染色体异常占２６．９％。在病因探讨中，属于出生前因素占４１．２％，出生时因素占２６．５％，出生后因素占２．７％，原因不明占２９．６％。

From October,1991 to June,1997,We investigated 1 680 children with mental retardation (MR) by means of genetic counselling.53.3% of them were male and 46.7% were female.11.2% children complicated epilepsy and 21% had cerebral palsy.82.6% were first birth.Mild MR accounted for 73.8%,moderate MR 22.9% and severe MR 3.3%.The percentage of abnormal karyotype was 14.6%,in which 73.1% were abnormal of autosome and 26.9% were sexchromosome.In the research of pathogenesis,we found 41.2% belonged to prenatal factors,26.5% belonged to delivery factors,2.7% belonged to postnatal factors and 29.6% had no obvious pathogenesis.