中国水库移民

Reservoir Resettlement and Rehabilitation in China

简要综述中国水库移民的概况、政策指导原则、法规体系、实施基本程序、管理机构、干部培训与科学研究等方面的现状。水库移民指导原则包括政府负责原则、社会动员原则、经济补偿原则、优惠政策原则、自力更生原则、后期扶持原则和各方支援原则；水库移民法规包括基本的或通用的法规、专用的或行业的法规、专项法规和地方法规四大类；水库移民安置分为前期、实施和竣工验收及后期扶持三个阶段；水库移民机构有政府和非政府两类；移民干部培训分高等正规教育、移民官员在职培训及各种研讨会（班）三个层次；水库移民科学研究在１０多年实践中取得了一批成果。

A survey of reservior resettlement in China is made,and the present guiding principles,regulation systems,basic implementation procedures,cadre training,academic exchange and research are described.The guiding principles in reservoir resettlement include those for the responsibities of the government,social mobilization,monetary compensation,preferential policies,self reliance,follow up support and support from all quarters.The resettlement regulations consist of four parts:basic or general laws,occupational or professional laws,special and local laws.Resettlement and rehabilitation projects may be divided into 3 phases:the preparatory phase,the implementation phase,the examination after completion of the project and the post settlement support.The resettlement organizations are both governmental and non governmental.The resettlement staff training includes regular higher education,on the job training of officials and varions kind of senior seminars.Research on reservoir resettlement in China has been carried out for 10 years and many achievements have been made.