林缘节肢动物多样性的变化与森林生态系统的评价和监测

The Assessment and Monitor of Forest Ecosystem Based on the Changes of Arthropod Diversity in Forest Edge

片断化的森林,林地面积减少,边缘地带面积的比例增加.较之环境相对稳定的中心区域,林缘地带受到较强的外界干扰和人为扰动,导致该区域中节肢动物群落的物种多样性及其种谱组成与森林内部生态系统及临近生态系统之间发生分化,表现出明显的边缘效应.本文从边缘效应入手,分析环境的变化对节肢动物多样性的影响;并探讨利用其多样性变化,对森林生态系统的健康状况做出科学的评价和监测的可行性.

Forest fragmentation results in the reduce of central forest area and the increase of forest edges. Comparing to the more steady central area, the environment of forest edges endure stronger natural and artificial disturbance that bring about the changes of arthropod species diversity and species composition in that place, difference from the central part of forest and adjacent ecosystem, and shows conspicuous edge effects. In this paper, beginning with the basic concept of edge effects, we analyze the effect of environmental changes on arthropod diversity and discuss the possibility of using the biodiversity changes to assess and monitor the health of forest ecosystem.